Town of Morehead City

Hazard Mitigation Plan

 

 

Table of Contents

 

INTRODUCTION.. 2...................................................................................................................................................................... 2

PURPOSE OF THE PLAN.. 3..................................................................................................................................................... 3

PLANNING PROCESS. 4............................................................................................................................................................ 4

Planning Process Participants. 4.............................................................................................. 4

Detailed Steps of the Planning Process. 5............................................................................... 5

ADOPTION.. 6.................................................................................................................................................................................. 6

MITIGATION GOALS. 6............................................................................................................................................................. 6

MITIGATION STRATEGIES. 7............................................................................................................................................... 7

IMPLEMENTATION OF MITIGATION STRATEGIES. 11........................................................................................ 11

PLAN IMPLEMENTATION.. 21.............................................................................................................................................. 21

PLAN MAINTENANCE.. 28...................................................................................................................................................... 28

APPENDIX A: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION.. 30............................................................................................................ 30

APPENDIX B: VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT.. 56.................................................................................................. 56

APPENDIX C: COMMUNITY CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT.. 67.............................................................................. 67

APPENDIX D: INTERIM CONCLUSIONS (ACCEPTIBILITY ASSESSMENT). 78........................................ 78

APPENDIX E: DOCUMENTATION OF PLAN PROGRESS. 80............................................................................... 80

APPENDIX F: STORM RECONSTRUCTION POLICY.. 88.......................................................................................... 88

APPENDIX G: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ACTION PLAN.. 90............................................................................. 90

APPENDIX H: COMMUNITY RATING SYSTEM FIELD VERIFICATION REPORT.. 92............................ 92

APPENDIX I: DISASTER RESPONSE PLAN.. 96............................................................................................................96

APPENDIX J: MAPS. 104.......................................................................................................................................................... 104

Map #1:  Base Map.. 104.............................................................................................................104

Map #2:  Water System Map.. 105............................................................................................ 105

Map #3:  Sewer System Map.. 106............................................................................................ 106

Map #4:  Growth Area Map.. 107.............................................................................................. 107

Map #5:  Repetitive Loss Properties Map.. 108....................................................................... 108

Map #6:  Critical Facilities and Hazardous Storage Sites Map.. 109...................................... 109

Map #7:  Flood Zones Map.. 110............................................................................................... 110

Map #8:  Flood Zones and Repetitive Loss Properties. 111.................................................. 111

Map #9:  Storm Surge (Slow Moving Hurricane). 112........................................................... 112

Map #10:  Storm Surge (Fast Moving Hurricane). 113.......................................................... 113

Map #11:  Historic Earthquakes, Tornadoes, Wind & Hail Storms. 114...............................114

Map #12:  Flood Hazard Areas and Existing Land Use. 115..................................................115

Map #13:  Flood Hazard Areas and Future Land Use. 116................................................... 116

Map #14:  All Hazards Map.. 117............................................................................................... 117

APPENDIX K: RESOLUTION.. 118.......................................................................................................................................118

 

 

 


INTRODUCTION

 

Generally:

In 2000, Congress adopted its Disaster Mitigation Act (DMA2K), which requires all local governments to develop a hazard mitigation plan that describes actions to mitigate hazards, risks and vulnerabilities that impact the community and establish a strategy to implement those activities.  The State of North Carolina responded by passing Senate Bill 300 which requires all local governments to have an approved Hazard Mitigation Plan in order to received state public assistance funds (effective for state-declared disasters after November 1, 2004).  According to the North Carolina Division of Emergency Management (NCDEM), the minimum requirements for local governments are as follows: enact and enforce building codes, zoning ordinances, and other measures to enhance their legal capability in an effort to protect life and property; make the public aware of hazards that present risks to people and property and measures they can take to reduce their risk and possible losses; and, comply with Federal and other regulations that are designed to reduce disaster costs as well as preserve and protect natural, historical and cultural resources.  . 

 

Community Profile and Hazards:

Morehead City is located in the heart of North Carolina’s Crystal Coast.  Although a beautiful place to live, work and play, it is prone to a variety of natural disasters.  Hurricanes and flooding, by far, top the list of potential large-scale disasters.  Thunderstorms, erosion, tornadoes, extreme heat, hailstorms and severe winter storms also have potential of striking. 

 

Utilizing the Hazard Identification and Analysis methodology suggested by the Hazard Mitigation Section of the NCDEM North Carolina Department of Emergency Management, the seriousness of each hazard was ranked based on the likelihood of occurrence, intensity rating and the potential impact.  The outcome of the analysis, which was performed by the Hazard Mitigation Planning Advisory Committee, ranks the identified hazards as follows:

            1.         Hurricane/Coastal Storm;

            2.         Flooding;

            3.         Drought/Heat Wave; Winter Storm/Nor’easter;

            4.         Winter Storm/Nor’easter; Thunderstorm;

            5.         Thunderstorm; Tornado;

            6.         Tornado; Drought/Heat Wave;

            7.         Wildfire;

8.         Hazardous Materials; Earthquake;

9.         Earthquake; Landslide; and,

            10.       Landslide; Dam/Levee Failure, Tsunami and Volcano.

11.       Tsunamis; and,

            12.       Dam/Levee Failure and Volcano.

 

(NOTE:  Because earthquakes, landslides, dam/levee failures, tsunamis and volcanoes are not a threat to Morehead City based upon historical data, they will not be addressed further.)

 

The information on the hazards identified above was obtained from a variety of sources, including:

            North Carolina Division of Emergency Management (NCDEM)

            National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

            National Weather Service

            Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)

            National Hurricane Center

            Federal Flood Insurance Rate Maps

            National Climatic Data Center

            United State Geological Survey (USGS) Landslide Data

            United State Geological Survey (USGS) Water Data

            Division of Soil and Water Conservation

            Carteret County’s Hazard Mitigation Plan

            Carteret County News-Times

            NC Forest Service

            State Climate Office of North Carolina

            The Weather Channel

            Southeast Regional Climate Center

            North Carolina Geological Survey

            University of Washington Geophysics Program

Neighboring Local Governments

            Local Long-Term Residents

 

A more detailed description of the hazards, level of vulnerability, Morehead City’s capability to address the hazards and the level of the community’s acceptance of risk can be found in the appendices. 

 

PURPOSE OF THE PLAN

 

  • To facilitate the protection of the health, safety and economic security of residents, workers, visitors and property owners by mitigating the impacts of natural and manmade hazards.

 

  • Influence decision making in both the public and private sectors.

 

  • Fulfill statutory requirements of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000.

 

  • Fulfill contractual obligations under the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP). 

 

  • Receive credit under the Community Rating System (CRS).

 

PLANNING PROCESS

Planning Process Participants

Under the direction of the Morehead City Council, the Morehead City Planning Department spearheaded the update process of composed the City’s Hazard Mitigation Plan in accordance with 44 CFR 201.6.

 

The first order of business was to establish a Hazard Mitigation Planning Advisory Committee that included:

  • Morehead City Manager Randy Martin
  • Morehead City Planning Director Linda Staab
  • Morehead City Planner Sandi Watkins
  • Morehead City Police Chief Wrenn Johnson
  • Morehead City Police Major Richard Abell
  • Morehead City Fire Chief Wes Lail
  • Morehead City Fire Marshal Craig Forlines
  • Morehead City Public Works Director David McCabe
  • Morehead City Public Utilities Director Steve Hamilton
  • Morehead City Parks and Recreation Director Louise Hughes
  • Morehead City Building Inspector Rick Schulz
  • Morehead City Zoning Officer
  • Carteret County Emergency Services Director Jo Ann Smith
  • Carteret County Planning Director Katrina Marshall

 

The Committee was responsible for data collection and development of the draft plan.  Utilizing Local Multi-Hazard Mitigation Planning Guidance Keeping Natural Hazards from Becoming Disasters (prepared by FEMA the North Carolina Division of Emergency Management), the Committee was able to develop a draft plan that adequately identifies potential hazards and offers a plan of action for reducing the impacts to the community and its citizens.  The Committee’s meetings were open to the public and individual members were charged with gathering data and discussing local hazards and finding solutions to mitigate hazards.  Public notice was given through postings in City buildings.  A variety of organizations were contacted via personal invitations, including:

  • Various citizens;
  • NOAA Representatives;
  • Beaufort officials;
  • Newport officials;
  • Atlantic Beach officials;
  • Progress Energy representatives;
  • Carteret-Craven EMC (Electric Membership Corporation) representatives;
  • Duke Marine Lab professors;
  • Division of Coastal Management;
  • Carteret County Schools;
  • Carteret County Agricultural Extension office;
  • Local business owners;
  • Salvation Army;
  • Downtown Morehead City Revitalization Association; and,
  • Carteret Crossroads representatives.

 

Utilizing the information gathered by the individual members, existing planning documents and data collected from a variety of other sources, the Committee completed the first draft of the Hazard Mitigation Plan.  The Committee met six times as a group; however, information was turned in to the Planning Department on a regular basis for inclusion in the plan.  Public meetings to review the draft were held in April and ________ of 2009. These meetings were A public meeting to review the draft was held on May 21, 2002. This meeting was advertised through a public notice in the newspaper, postings in City Hall and on the City’s webpage. 

Detailed Steps of the Planning Process  

1.   Identify Potential Natural Hazards:

      Initially, the Committee was tasked with reviewing identified hazards, evaluating potential new hazards and gathering updated data on both.  gathering data on the hazards the occurred in the planning area.  This information was obtained from a variety of sources, including local, State state and Federal federal agencies; National Weather Service; various web sites; Carteret County News-Times; interviews with long time residents and business owners and Carteret County Emergency Management staff.  Maps were presented which included topography, flood hazard areas, parcel information, repetitive loss properties, SLOSH (Sea, Lake and Overland Surges from Hurricanes) modeling; critical facilities locations and infrastructure information.  Population statistics were also reviewed.  Information gathered was used to analyze the natural hazards affecting Morehead City in terms of likelihood, magnitude and potential impact. 

 

2.   Assess Vulnerability:

      The information collected in Step 1 identified the potential natural hazards that could impact Morehead City.  Utilizing that information, the Committee identified the locations within the community where each of the hazards is likely to occur as well as the potential for damage in each hazard-prone area of Morehead City.  An analysis was completed that identified the hazardous areas in terms of existing development and future development to determine hazard exposure.  The Committee decided that it would consider Morehead City as one “geographic planning area” for the purposes of conducting detailed analysis of who and what is at risk. 

 

3.   Assess Community Capability:

      Next, the Committee looked at Morehead City’s current mitigation practices.  Documentation was presented that outlined Morehead City’s current development regulations and City city policies that could potentially have an impact on the creation of hazard mitigation policies or unintentionally hinder mitigation efforts. 

 

4.   Form Interim Conclusions (Acceptability Assessment):

      Once the information on the impact of natural hazards to Morehead City and the tools that are available to address the hazards was collected and analyzed, the Committee concluded it was appropriate to move forward with the planning process.

 

      The information was presented to the Planning Board and Town Council for review.  Both meetings were open to the public and were advertised in the newspaper and on the City’s website.  Although the public was present at both meetings, no public comments were received. 

 

ADOPTION

 

The Morehead City Planning Board reviewed the draft plan during its April 21, 2009, May, 2002 meeting.  It was forwarded to the Town Council, which reviewed the draft plan on May 12, 2009 May 28, 2002. 

 

Upon receipt of comments received from NCDEM NCEM, changes were made and the revised draft plan was reviewed by the Planning Committee of the Town Council on _________, 2009 June 29, 2004 and the plan has been The plan was then resubmitted forwarded to the NCDEM  North Carolina Division of Emergency Management for comment. 

 

Prior to final adoption, additional comments from NCDEM NCEM were incorporated and the Plan was reviewed by the Planning Board on _________, 2009 June 15, 2004.  Final adoption occurred on _________, 2009 October 12, 2004.  A copy of the resolution of adoption can be found in the appendices. 

 

MITIGATION GOALS

 

Generally:

  • Identify and reduce potential hazards to Morehead City;
  • Promote sound public policy to protect citizens, critical facilities, infrastructure and property;
  • Prove eligibility for government aid and grant programs; and
  • Form effective community-based partnerships for hazard mitigation purposes. 

 

The following process was used to develop, review and update the goals of the Morehead City Hazard Mitigation Plan.  The These goals were established as a result of a review of various City city documents and plans, including but not limited to, the 2007 Morehead City Core CAMA Land Use Plan, Unified Development Ordinance and Emergency Operations Plan Emergency Management Procedures Policy. Input received from members of the Hazard Mitigation Planning Advisory Committee and the general public was also used to develop community goals.

 

The Hazard Mitigation Planning Advisory Committee determined that the goal statements contained in the previous mitigation plan continue to be applicable to the current hazard conditions in Morehead City, and adequately guide the community in its efforts to reduce and avoid long-term vulnerabilities.

 

The Committee also reviewed the goal of the 2007 North Carolina State Hazard Mitigation Plan and determined that the mitigation goals of Morehead City are consistent with the mitigation goal of the State of North Carolina.  

 

MITIGATION STRATEGIES

The Hazard Mitigation Planning Advisory Committee has identified a number of mitigation actions and projects to reduce the effects of each of the identified hazards.  Through consensus, the Committee developed a list of potential mitigation actions, emphasizing new and existing buildings and infrastructure and the future use of land that is currently undeveloped in hazard areas.  Once the goals were established, objectives were identified and mitigation strategies were developed.  In developing the mitigation strategies, the Hazard Mitigation Advisory Committee considered the cost effectiveness, environmental soundness and technical feasibility of each strategy.  All mitigation strategies have been determined to be:

a.         Cost effective: The return or savings produced by implementation of the action outweighs the cost of implementation;

b.         Environmentally sound: Actions were taken to protect environmentally sensitive areas such as wetlands wetland that act as natural stormwater storage areas;

c.          Technically feasible: Most actions are to be undertaken by the City using current staff and local funding. 

 

For larger projects, the City has identified a variety of funding sources.

 

The Committee also reviewed the mitigation actions contained in the 2007 North Carolina State Hazard Mitigation Plan and determined that the actions selected for the plan update are consistent with those of the State.

 

By goal, the mitigation strategies are as follows:

 

GOAL #1:        Identify and reduce potential hazard vulnerability to Morehead City:

                        Application:  All Hazards.

Description:  After reviewing Morehead City’s published existing policies, it became obvious that although Morehead City has addressed specific aspects of hazard mitigation, there was no general policy.  The City decided to include this general statement as a goal. 

 

Objective 1-1.  Influence decision making in both the public and private sectors to minimize the community’s vulnerability to hazards.

                        Application:  All Hazards.

Description:  Without the support of the key decision makers in both the public and private sectors, it is difficult to have an effective hazard mitigation plan.  Morehead City will strive to educate both public officials and the private leaders of the benefits of hazard mitigation.

 

Mitigation Strategies:

1.   Sponsor/co-sponsor a hazard mitigation seminar or similar program for elected officials, interested citizens and business leaders which include educational information on natural hazards that affect Morehead City, the potential impact, and mitigation measures to reduce risk. 

2.   Maintain a current Emergency Operations response Plan.

3.   Review ordinances that are relevant to hazard mitigation to assure:

      a.   the effectiveness in reducing exposure to natural hazards; and

      b.   the effectiveness in protecting natural resources via best management practices, stormwater management, wetlands preservation, etc. 

4.   Maintain and update Morehead City’s GIS system, as necessary.

5.   Include a review of Morehead City’s hazard mitigation efforts as part of the Land Use Plan update process.

6.   Educate City employees on hazards that impact Morehead City and provide training on City policies related to hazards. 

7.   Familiarize local public officials with the principles and practices of emergency management and emergency operations. 

 

Objective 1-2. Increase the public’s awareness of hazards, both natural and manmade.

            Application:  All Hazards.

Description: Education is an important tool in mitigating hazards.  By sharing knowledge with the general public (i.e. retrofitting existing structures), Morehead City can become more resilient to natural disasters.   

 

Mitigation Strategies:

1.   Include articles in the City’s newspaper newsletter explaining hazard mitigation and preparing for natural hazards.

2.   Promote nationally recognized “awareness” weeks (i.e. hurricane preparedness, severe weather preparedness, etc.) through the local media. 

3.   Display U.S. and State Government printed brochures that discuss hazards relevant to Morehead City and make them available for distribution to the public. 

4.   Continue to provide Provide the public links to relevant hazard mitigation links websites on the City’s website.

5.   Develop public service announcements (PSAs) on natural hazard mitigation programs and activities to be used by local radio and television stations.

6.   Conduct a natural hazard awareness program in the Morehead City schools.

 

GOAL #2:        Promote sound public policy to protect citizens, critical facilities, infrastructure and property.

Application:  All Hazards.

Description:  Protection of life, critical facilities, infrastructure and property is a key goal that Morehead City has been working on for a number of years.  Plans and policies have been adopted that address this goal.  These plans/policies need to be evaluated to assure that the goal is being met to the fullest extent.

 

Objective 2-1.  Reduce the potential impact of flooding in Morehead City. and the number of repetitive loss properties to maximize credit received under FEMA’s Community Rating System (CRS) and continue participation in CRS.

                        Application:  Flood Hazards.

Description:  Reducing the potential number of repetitive loss properties and continued participation in FEMA’s Community Rating System will continue to make Morehead City more hazard resistant when it comes to flooding.

 

Mitigation Strategies:

      1.   Continue participation in FEMA’s Community Rating System (CRS).

      2.   Continue to enforce Morehead City’s flood prevention ordinance and update as necessary.

      3.   Promote sound land use planning for developed and undeveloped properties through rezoning and other mechanisms taking into consideration known hazard locations and repetitive loss areas.  

 

Objective 2-2. Avoid costly repair and replacement of public and private investments.

                        Application:  All Hazards.

            Description:  Morehead City will strive to assure that all public and private investment adheres to or exceeds the minimum standards set forth by the State and Federal Government to minimize the costs of repairs and the need for replacement.  This goal continues the present practices in Morehead City.

 

Mitigation Strategies:

      1.   Maintain the Storm Reconstruction Policy Establish a reconstruction policy that includes a procedure for issuance of building permits after a natural disaster.  The current Storm Reconstruction Policy can be found in Appendix F.

      2.   Continue enforcement of the International Building Code.

      3.   Continue to monitor trees and vegetation on publicly owned property to assure that no property or utility damage will occur as a result of diseased or dying trees/vegetation. 

      4.   The City will work with utility companies to identify potential problem areas and work to eliminate them where feasible.

      5.   Evaluate the location of water/sewer utility extensions related to hazard mitigation.

      6.   Locate and preplan targeted hazardous material risk areas.

      7.   Continue enforcement of the 2006 North Carolina State Building Code: Fire Code.

 

Objective 2-3. Insure continued functionality of critical services and facilities after a hazard event.

                        Application:  All Hazards.

                        Description:  Morehead City understands the importance of continuing the critical services and keeping the facilities open and available to the public following a natural disaster.

 

 

Mitigation Strategies:

      1.   Evaluate current emergency operation practices to determine what areas need improvement.

      2.   Maintain the Establish an alternate Emergency Operation Center (EOC) in the event that the primary EOC cannot function. 

      3.   Maintain backup generators for all critical public facilities.  Evaluate the equipment on a regular basis to assure it continues to meet the needs of the operations occurring at each facility.

      4.   Inspect fire hydrants regularly.

      5.   Maintain the City’s Hazardous Materials Action Plan (see Appendix G).  Prepare a hazardous material action plan that addresses spills, etc.

 

GOAL #3:        Prove eligibility for government aid and grant programs.

                        Application:  All Hazards.

Description:  Through creation of a formal hazard mitigation plan, Morehead City will have documented its susceptibility to natural hazards.  By having this information well documented, it should enhance Morehead City’s eligibility for certain government aid and grant programs.

 

Objective 3-1.  Seek funding opportunities to develop and implement Morehead City’s hazard mitigation activities.

 

Mitigation Strategies:

      1.   Include discussion of natural hazard mitigation grant opportunities available to Morehead City during the annual budget process. 

      2.   Establish local and regional partnerships to identify funding sources for natural hazard mitigation activities and seek to obtain such funding.

 

GOAL #4:        Form effective community-based partnerships for hazard mitigation purposes.

                        Application:  All Hazards.

            Description:  In order to form partnerships between different agencies, the private sector and the public, it is first necessary to have communication and build relationships.  Through this process, Morehead City hopes to form relationships that will lead to community-based partnerships.

 

Objective 4-1.  Maintain partnerships that have been formed as a result of the development of the Hazard Mitigation Plan. 

 

Mitigation Strategies:

      1.   Maintain the hazard mitigation committee meetings to continue relationship building and keep updated on mitigation measures that are taking place throughout the community. 

      2.   Identify all municipal, county and regional organizations with responsibilities for, or an interest in, natural hazard mitigation, and share the plan with local support organizations, such as the American Red Cross and Salvation Army, private businesses and other community partners. 

 

Objective 4-2.  Enhance coordination of emergency planning and operations between local governments.

 

Mitigation Strategies:

1.      Maintain one E-911 dispatch center countywide and eliminate individual municipal dispatch centers. 

 

IMPLEMENTATION OF MITIGATION STRATEGIES

 

The following process was used to assign implementation and administrative responsibilities for the actions identified for inclusion in the plan update: The Hazard Mitigation Planning Advisory Committee met on February 5, 2009, and reviewed the mitigation actions developed on October 8, 2008.  With input from departmental staff, the Committee verified responsibilities, designated start and completion dates, identified funding or potential funding sources, and ranked the priority of each of the selected mitigation actions.  Potential funding sources were identified by reviewing current local operating budgets, as well as outside sources of funding including FEMA and State pre- and post-disaster mitigation grant programs. 

 

The “Mitigation Strategy” Table found on the following pages contains the selected mitigation actions along with the type of targeted hazard, the responsible party, start and completion dates, potential funding sources, and priority ranking.  

 

The process for prioritizing the selected mitigation actions included discussions by the Hazard Mitigation Planning Advisory Committee about the advantages and drawbacks of each identified action carried over from the previously approved plan as well as new actions identified during the update process.  The Committee sought input from Department Heads responsible for implementation of each action. 

The Hazard Mitigation Planning Advisory Committee used the following criteria to prioritize the identified hazard mitigation actions as High, Medium, or Low:

 

1)    Cost vs. Benefit:  Actions with the highest benefits in relation to cost will receive higher priority.

2)    Results of the Risk Assessment:  Actions which address problems identified during the updated risk assessment will receive higher priority.

3)    Results of the Community Capability Assessment:  Actions which are within the existing capability of the jurisdiction, or which may become actionable with additional resources, will receive higher priority.

4)    Technical Feasibility:  Actions that provide a long-term solution to identified problems, with no or minimal negative secondary impacts, will receive higher priority.

5)    Political Acceptability:  Actions that have political support for implementation will receive higher priority.

6)    Legality:  Actions must comply with all relevant federal, state, and local statutes, regulations and ordinances.

7)    Environmental Soundness:  Actions with no or mitigateable negative environmental impacts will receive higher priority.

8)    Compatibility with Local Goals:  Actions that are effective in meeting hazard mitigation goals and other complimentary community goals will receive higher priority.

 

FEMA provides six mitigation policy categories for identifying mitigation strategies and measures.  They are as follows:

1.   Prevention (P):  Preventive activities are intended to keep hazard problems from getting worse.  They are particularly effective in reducing a community’s future vulnerability, especially in areas where development has not occurred or capital improvements have not been substantial. 

2.   Property Protection (PP):  Property protection measures protect existing structures by modifying the building to withstand hazardous events or removing structures from hazardous locations.

3.   Natural Resource Protection (NR):  Natural resource protection activities reduce the impacts of natural hazards by preserving or restoring natural areas and their mitigative functions.  Such areas include floodplains, wetlands and dunes.  Parks, recreation or conservation agencies and organizations often implement these measures.

4.   Structural Projects (SP):  Structural mitigation projects are intended to lessen the impact of a hazard by modifying the environment or natural progression of the hazard event.  They are usually designed by engineers and managed or maintained by Public Works Staff public works staff. 

5.   Public Information (PI):  Public information activities are used to advise residents, business owners, potential property owners and visitors about hazards, hazardous areas and mitigation techniques they can use to protect themselves and their property.

6.   Emergency Services Measures (ES):  Although not typically considered a mitigation technique, emergency service measures do minimize the impact of a hazard event on people and property.  These are actions commonly taken immediately prior to, during, or in response to a hazard event. 

 

The following table identifies the mitigation strategies and measures by the six mitigation policy categories provided by FEMA, a brief description of the action to be undertaken, the hazard the action addresses, relative priority, funding source, responsible party and target completion date. 

 


MOREHEAD CITY MITIGATION ACTION PLAN

Mitigation Strategy

Targeted Hazard

Priority

Funding

Source

Responsible Party

Start Date

Completion Date

Monitoring

Prevention

Maintain and update Morehead City’s GIS System

All

High

Local

Planning Dept

Continuous

Continuous

Annual

Review Morehead City’s Hazard Mitigation Policies identified in the CAMA Land Use Plan

All

High

Local and DCM

Planning Dept

5 Yr. cycle (started 2005)

Every 5 years

Every 5 years

Sponsor/Co-sponsor a hazard mitigation seminar for elected officials and business leaders which includes educational information on natural hazards, potential impact and mitigation measures to reduce risk

All

Medium

Local

City/County Planning Dept

Every 4 years (began in 2007)

Every 4 years

Every 4 years

Continue to enforce Morehead City’s Flood Prevention Ordinance and update as necessary

Flood

High

Local

Building Inspections Department

July 2004

Continuous

Daily

Continue participation in FEMA’s Community Rating System

Flood

High

Local

Building Inspections Department

July 2004

Continuous

Annual

Provide links to relevant hazard mitigation websites via City’s website

 

All

Medium

Local

Systems Administrator

2008

Continuous

Continuous

Maintain the Establish a Storm Reconstruction Policy that includes procedures for issuance of building permits after a natural disaster

All

Medium

Local

Building Inspections Department

2003 July 2004

Continuous

December  04

Continuous

Evaluate the location of water/sewer utility extension related to hazard mitigation

 

All

Medium

Local

Public Utilities Department

July 2004

Continuous

Continuous

Apply for grant funding to enhance the City’s hazard mitigation effort, as applicable

All

Medium

Varies

All City Departments

As grants open and local match is available

Varies

As available

Establish local and regional partnerships to identify funding sources for natural hazard mitigation activities and seek to obtain funding

 

All

Medium

Varies

All City Departments

Continuous

Varies

As Available

Maintain the Hazard Mitigation Planning Advisory Committee to continue relationship building and keep updated on mitigation measures taking place throughout the community

All

Medium

N/A

All City Departments

July 2004

Continuous

Continuous

MOREHEAD CITY MITIGATION ACTION PLAN

Mitigation Strategy

Targeted Hazard

Priority

Funding

Source

Responsible Party

Start Date

Completion Date

Monitoring

Prevention

Promote sound land use planning for developed and undeveloped properties through rezoning and other mechanisms taking into consideration known hazard locations and repetitive loss areas.  

Flood

Medium

Local

Planning Dept

Continuous

Continuous

Annual


 

MOREHEAD CITY MITIGATION ACTION PLAN

Mitigation Strategy

Targeted Hazard

Priority

Funding

Source

Responsible Party

Start Date

Completion Date

Monitoring

Property Protection

Review ordinances that are relevant to hazard mitigation to assure: the effectiveness in reducing exposure to natural hazards and the effectiveness in protecting natural resources via best management practices, stormwater management, wetlands preservation, etc.

All

Medium

Local

All City Departments

July 2004

Continuous

Annually, or more frequently if necessary  Every 5 yrs

Continue participation in FEMA’s Community Rating System

Flooding

Medium

Local

Building Inspections Department

July 2004

Continuous

Review every 5 years

Continue to enforce Morehead City’s flood prevention ordinance and update as necessary

Flooding

High

Local

Building Inspections Department

July 2004

Continuous

Review as necessary

Maintain the Establish a Storm Reconstruction Policy that includes procedures for issuance of building permits after a natural disaster

All

Medium

Local

Building Inspections Department

2003 July 2004

Continuous

December 2004

N/A

Monitor trees and vegetation on publicly owned property to assure that no property or utility damage will occur as a result of diseased or dying trees/vegetation.

High Winds, Hurricanes, Severe Thunderstorms

Low

Local

Public Works Department

Spring 2005

Continuous

Inspection to occur every Spring

The City will partner with Utility Companies to identify problem areas and work to eliminate them where feasible.

All

Low

Local and Private

Planning, Public Works, Public Utilities, and Building Inspections Departments

January 2005

Continuous

Review Annually

Evaluate the location of water/sewer utility extensions related to hazard mitigation

All

Low

Local

Public Utilities Department

July 2004

Continuous

Include as part of review when considering line extension locations

 

 

MOREHEAD CITY MITIGATION ACTION PLAN

Mitigation Strategy

Targeted Hazard

Priority

Funding

Source

Responsible Party

Start Date

Completion Date

Monitoring

Property Protection

Promote sound land use planning for developed and undeveloped properties through rezoning and other mechanisms taking into consideration known hazard locations and repetitive loss areas.  

Flood

Medium

Local

Planning Dept

Continuous

Continuous

Annual


 

MOREHEAD CITY MITIGATION ACTION PLAN

Mitigation Strategy

Targeted Hazard

Priority

Funding

Source

Responsible Party

Start Date

Completion Date

Monitoring

Natural Resources Protection

Conduct a natural hazard awareness program in Morehead City Schools

All

Low

Local

Planning Department

2004-2005 School Year

Continuous

2004-2005 School Year

Annual

Evaluate effectiveness..

Prepare a Hazardous Material Action Plan that addresses proper containment of spills, etc.

All

Flooding

Low

Local

Fire Department

2008 January 2005

2008 January 2006

Annual

Include discussion of natural hazard mitigation grant opportunities available to Morehead City during annual budget process

All

Medium

Varies

All City Departments

March 2005

Continuous

Annual during the budget process

Sponsor/Co-sponsor a hazard mitigation seminar for elected officials and business leaders which includes educational information on natural hazards, potential impact and mitigation measures to reduce risk

All

Medium

Local

City/County Planning Department

Every 4 years (began in 2007)

Every 4 years

Every 4 years

Establish local and regional partnerships to identify funding sources for natural hazard mitigation activities and seek to obtain such funding

All

Medium

Varies

All City Departments

July 2004

Continuous

Annual review of funding sources and partnership opportunities

Maintain the hazard mitigation committee to continue relationship building and keep updated on mitigation measures that are taking place throughout the community

All

High

Varies

All City Departments

July 2004

Continuous

Annual

Update identified Identify all municipal, county and regional organizations and share plan with local support organizations such as the Salvation Army, American Red Cross, etc.

All

High

Varies

All City Departments

Fall 2004

Continuous

January 2005

Update organizational data annually


 

MOREHEAD CITY MITIGATION ACTION PLAN

Mitigation Strategy

Targeted Hazard

Priority

Funding

Source

Responsible Party

Start Date

Completion Date

Monitoring

Structural Projects

Contract to maintain backup generators for all critical public facilities.  Evaluate the equipment on a regular basis to assure it continues to meet the needs of the operations occurring at each facility

All

High

Varies

Public Utilities Department  All City Departments

July 2004

Continuous

Spot checks of equipment at various intervals

Locate and preplan targeted risk areas

Hazardous Materials

High

Local

Fire Department

2008

2009

Annual

Continue enforcement of the International Building Code

ALL

High

Local

Building Inspections Department

2004

Continuous

Continuous

Fire Code Enforcement

Hazardous Materials, Wildfires

High

Local

Fire Department

2008

Continuous

Continuous

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


MOREHEAD CITY MITIGATION ACTION PLAN

Mitigation Strategy

Targeted Hazard

Priority

Funding

Source

Responsible Party

Start Date

Completion Date

Monitoring

Public Information

Sponsor/Co-sponsor a hazard mitigation seminar for elected officials and business leaders which includes educational information on natural hazards, potential impact and mitigation measures to reduce risk

All

Medium

Local

City/County Planning Department

Every 4 years (began in 2007)

Every 4 years

Every 4 years

Educate City employees on hazards that impact Morehead City and provide training on City policies relating to hazards

All

High

Varies

All City Departments

January 2005

Continuous January 2005

As required Bi-annual

Include articles in the City’s newsletters explaining hazard mitigation and preparing for natural disasters

All

Medium

Local

All City Departments

Summer 2005

Continuous

Annual

Promote nationally recognized “awareness” weeks (i.e. hurricane preparedness, severe weather preparedness, etc.) through local media

All

Medium

Varies

Planning Department

July 2004

Continuous

Annual

Display U.S. Government brochures that discuss hazards relevant to Morehead City and make them available for distribution to the public

All

Medium

Varies

Planning Department

January 2005

Continuous

Continuous Annual

Provide public links to relevant hazard mitigation websites

All

Low

Local

Planning Department

2008

January 2005

Continuous

Annual

Develop public service announcements (PSAs) on natural hazard mitigation programs and activities to be used by local media

All

Low

Local

Planning Department

2009 January 2005

Continuous

Annual


MOREHEAD CITY MITIGATION ACTION PLAN

Mitigation Strategy

Targeted Hazard

Priority

Funding

Source

Responsible Party

Start Date

Completion Date

Monitoring

Emergency Services

Maintain the hazard mitigation committee to continue relationship building and keep updated on mitigation measures that are taking place throughout the community

All

High

Varies

All City Departments

July 2004

Continuous

Annual

Identify all municipal, county and regional organizations and share plan with local support organizations such as the Salvation Army, American Red Cross, etc.

All

High

Varies

All City Departments

Fall 2004

January 2005

Update organizational data annually

Maintain current Emergency Operations Plan

All

High

Local

Fire Department

2009 July 2004

Continuous

Annual

Familiarize local public officials with the principles and practices of emergency management and emergency operations

All

Medium

Local

Administration

Police and Fire Departments

January 2005

Bi-annual following election

Biannual

Evaluate current emergency operation practices to determine what areas need improvement

All

Medium

Local

Police and Fire Departments

Fall 2004

Continuous

Annual

Maintain establish an alternate Emergency Operation Center (EOC) in the event that the primary EOC cannot function

All

High

Local

Police and Fire Departments

Fall 2004

Continuous

Fall 2004

Continuous

January 2005

Contract to maintain backup generators for all critical public facilities. Evaluate equipment on a regular basis to assure it continues to meet needs of operations occurring at each facility

All

High

Varies

Public Utilities Department

All City Departments

July 2004

Continuous

Spot checks of equipment at various intervals

Inspect fire hydrants regularly

Fire

Medium

Local

Fire Department

July 2004

Continuous

Annual

Prepare a Hazardous Material Action Plan that addresses proper containment of spills, etc.

All

Flooding

Low

Local

Fire Department

2008

January 2005

2009

January 2006

Annual

Maintain one E-911 dispatch center countywide and eliminate individual municipal dispatch centers

All

High

Varies

County Emergency Services Department

2009 Fall 2005

January 2010

Annual

Coordinate with Carteret County to obtain oblique imagery and incorporate into emergency response practices

All

High

Local

City Departments & County Tax Office

2009

As available

Biannual or Following a Hurricane


PLAN IMPLEMENTATION

 

Process:

The Morehead City Mitigation Plan will be implemented through the delegation of assignments as specified in the Hazard Mitigation Action Plan.  Each implementation action includes the assignment of responsibility to specific City Departments along with the establishment of a target date for completion of the activity.

 

It will be the responsibility of the City Manager to ensure that these strategies are addressed by the target completion dates unless reasonable circumstances, e.g. lack of funding, prevent timely implementation.  In the case where a target date is not met, the reason for such failure to complete the activity in a timely manner will be noted in the annual progress report. 

 

Funding Sources:

Although in the long-term hazard mitigation actions will save money by avoiding the loss of lives or property damages; , in the short-term each action will have an associated cost.  The City will rely heavily on local funding sources; however, the City will also seek funds from interested State and Federal agencies for both pre- and post-disaster activities.  A short description of major disaster assistance programs is included here. 

 

Cities depend upon local property taxes as the primary source of revenue.  Property taxes are typically used to finance services that must be available and delivered on a routine basis to the general public, e.g. emergency management services, etc.  If local budgets allow, these funds can also be used for other purposes in the he general public interest which would include programs to further hazard mitigation planning.  Local funds are most effective when used as a local match for Federal and State grants.  

 

Federal Programs

 

Pre-Disaster Mitigation Program – Federal Emergency Management Agency

The Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 created a national program to provide a funding mechanism that is not dependent on a Presidential disaster declaration.  The Pre-Disaster Mitigation (PDM) Program provides funding to states and communities for cost-effective hazard mitigation activities that complement a comprehensive mitigation program and reduce injuries, loss of life, and damage of property.

 

The funding is based on a 75% Federal share plus a 25% non-Federal share of costs.  The non-Federal match can be fully in-kind or cash or a combination of the two.  Special accommodations are made for small and impoverished communities who are eligible for 90% Federal share plus 10% non-Federal. 

 

Flood Mitigation Assistance Program – Federal Emergency Management Agency

The Flood Mitigation Assistance Program (FMAP) was established by the National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994.  This program provides grants for cost-effectiveness measure to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk of flood damage to existing structures, with an emphasis on sites that historically have been subject to repetitive losses under the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP).  These grants are also available for planning assistance to identify flood risks and actions to reduce risk, to provide a process for approving flood mitigation plans, and to provide grants to implement measures to decrease flood losses. 

 

Examples of projects that are eligible for grants under this program include elevating or flood proofing pre-FIRM structures, i.e. structures that were brought into the regulatory floodplain by a revision of the Flood Insurance Rate Maps, to acquire land or structures in flood hazard areas, to relocate relocation or demolish existing structures, to construct detention or retention ponds to aid in the control of flood waters, to flood proof sewer systems, to modify drainage culverts and to obtain technical assistance, e.g. hiring a professional consultant. 

 

Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) – Federal Emergency Management Agency

The Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) provides funding for mitigation measures following authorized a Presidential disaster declarations.  The HMGP is funded in most part by the Federal Government government and administered by State Governments state governments.  FEMA can fund up to 75% of project costs and the State or local share can be cash or in-kind services.

 

HMGP funds can be used for projects such as acquisition or relocation of structures from hazard-prone areas, retrofitting of existing structures to protect them from future damages, and development of state or local mitigation standards designed to protect buildings from future damages, comprehensive state and local mitigation plans (up to 7% of total State grant), structural hazard control, and the purchase of equipment to improve preparedness and response. 

 

Public Assistance (Infrastructure) Program – Federal Emergency Management Agency (Section 406)

The Public Assistance (PA) Program provides funding to local governments following a Presidential disaster declaration.  Funds may be used for mitigation activities in conjunction with the repair of damaged public facilities and infrastructure.  Mitigation activities must be related to eligible disaster-related damages and must directly reduce the potential of future disaster damages.

 

Projects are evaluated for cost-effectiveness, technical feasibility, and compliance with statutory, regulatory and executive order requirements.  The evaluation must ensure that the mitigation measures do not negatively impact facility operation or risk from another hazard.

 

Small Business Administration Disaster Assistance Program – US Small Business Administration

The Small Business Administration (SBA) Disaster Assistance Program provides low-interest Physical Disaster Loans loans to businesses following various a Presidential disaster declarations.  The loans target the businesses with repair and replacement of uninsured and underinsured property damages including real estate, personal property, machinery and equipment, inventory and business assets supplies.  Businesses of all sizes, homeowners, renters, and non-profit organizations are eligible.  More than 1.9 million disaster loans have been granted for nearly $47 billion since the creation of the program in 1953.

 

http://www.sba.gov/services/disasterassistance/index.html

 

Community Development Block Grants – US Department of Housing and Urban Development

The Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program assists communities in rehabilitating substandard dwelling structures and in expanding economic opportunities, primarily for low to moderate income families.  However, as a result of a Presidential disaster declaration, CDBG funds may be used for long-term needs such as acquisition, reconstruction and redevelopment of disaster-affected areas. 

 

State Programs

 

Statewide Floodplain Mapping Initiative

The State of North Carolina, through the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s Cooperating Technical Community Partnership Initiative, has been designated as a Cooperating Technical State (CTS).  As a CTS, the State assumes will assume primary ownership and responsibility for Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) for all North Carolina communities.  The Statewide Floodplain Mapping Initiative project includes will include conducting flood hazard analysis and producing updated, digital FIRMs (DFIRMs). 

 

The State began acquiring raw elevation data for the Cape Fear, Lumber, Neuse, Pasquotank, Tar-Pamlico and White Oak river basins in December 2000.  This first phase of mapping will addressed these six river basins, which were the basins most impacted by Hurricane Floyd.  These six river basins account for approximately one-half of the area of the State, impact 48 counties and 334 incorporated municipalities and encompass over 21,000 miles of streams and rivers. 

 

The data being collected will be used to develop Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and update flood hazard data and to produce draft Digital Flood Insurance Rate Maps (DFIRMs) for the affected counties and communities.  To date, sixty-eight (68) counties within North Carolina have adopted DFIRMs, including Carteret County. Draft DFIRMs for the White Oak River basin were adopted effective July 17, 2003.  It is anticipated that the State of North Carolina will have remapped the entire State by 2010, and will continue to follow a regular maintenance schedule of 2.5-3.5 years once complete. 

 

This updated flood hazard data will provides current, accurate information for communities and property owners to make sound locating and design decisions when building new structures and infrastructure and when retrofitting existing structures.  If consistently used by communities for floodplain management, this information should help to dramatically reduce future flood losses in North Carolina.

 

http://www.ncfloodmaps.com/index.html

 

Water and Sewer Grant Programs – NC Rural Economic Development Center, Inc.

The Rural Center administers three programs that assist rural communities with development of public water and sewer systems needed to support local economic growth and to ensure a reliable supply of clean water.  The programs are funded by appropriations from the NC General Assembly and through proceeds from Clean Water Bonds approved by voters in November 1998. 

 

1.         The Supplemental Grants Program enables local governments and qualified non-profit organizations to improve local public water and sewer systems.  Projects may address public health, environmental and/or economic development critical needs.  Rural Center funds must be used to match other project funds from local or other sources.  The maximum grant amount is $500,000 $400,000. 

 

2.         The Planning Capacity Building Grants Program provides funding for local governments to undertake planning efforts that support strategic investments in public water and sewer facilities.  Funds typically are used to prepare preliminary engineering reports, master water and sewer plans, capital improvement plans, water and sewer feasibility studies, rate studies and grant applications.  The maximum grant amount is generally $40,000 $400,000.

 

http://www.ncruralcenter.org/grants/water.htm

 

Clean Water Management Trust Fund – CWMTF Board of Trustees

The Clean Water Management Trust Fund was created in 1996 for the purpose of purposeof making grants to local governments, state agencies, and conservation non-profit organizations to help finance projects that address water pollution.  CWMTF will fund projects that 1) enhance or restore degraded waters; 2) protect unpolluted waters; and/or 3) contribute toward a network of riparian buffers and greenways for environmental, educational, and recreational benefits. 

 

The program is funded annually through a portion of unreserved credit in balance in the NC General Fund for a minimum of $30 million per year.  The CWMTF Board of Trustees, an independent body of 18 members, has responsibility for allocation of fund revenues. 

 

http://www.cwmtf.net/

 

 

CAMA (Coastal Area Management Act) Local Planning and Management Grants Program – NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Coastal Management

The NC Division of Coastal Management assists local governments within the designated 20 coastal counties with local land use planning and management projects through the CAMA Local Planning and Management Grants Program.  Eligible projects include new or updated CAMA land use plans, implementation projects, land use ordinances, beach or waterfront access plans, stormwater management plans, hazard mitigation plans and capital facilities plans. 

 

Water Resources Development Grant Program – NC Department of Environmental and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality

The Water Resources Development Grant Program funds can be used as the non-federal share of water resources development projects.  Eligible projects include: 1) general navigation projects; 2) recreational navigational projects; 3) flood control and water drainage projects; 4) stream restoration; 5) protection of privately owned beaches with public access; 6) land acquisition and facility development for water-based recreation; and 7) aquatic weed control projects. 

 

Natural Heritage Trust Fund

The Natural Heritage Trust Fund was established in 1987 and is funded by 25% of the annual state deed excise stamp tax revenues and a portion of personalized license plate sales.  The fund is managed by the Board of Trustees and the Natural Heritage Program in the Division of Parks and Recreation (DPR) in the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR).  Since 1987, the grant has taken part in conserving over 264,500 acres of land.  332 applications have requested $176 million.  $80.6 million has been awarded for 1 project to help protect 145,000 acres of land.   Four hundred twenty projects have been supported through $218 million in grant funding.

 

http://www.ncnhtf.org/pages/fundedprojects.htm

 

NC Parks and Recreation Trust Fund (NCPARTF) NCPARATF

The NC Parks and Recreation Trust Fund was established in 1994 1993 and is funded by 75% of the annual state deed excise stamp tax revenues.  State parks receive 65%; local parks, 30%; and beaches and waterfronts, 5%; and administration, 3%.  Approximately $22 million is available each year.  The program is managed by the Board of Parks and Recreation Authority and the Division of Parks and Recreation (DPR) in DENR.

 

Since 1995, local governments have submitted 599 549 applications requesting over $84 $76 million for capital improvements and land acquisition.  The Parks and Recreation Authority has approved 317 226 projects for a total of $48.4 $33.7 million.  Over 1950 1400 acres have been added to local parks.  The Authority has approved 191 140 State Park state park land acquisition and facility projects for a total of $104 $71.7 million.  PARTF has funded the addition of 13,554 8,466 acres to the State Park System.

 

 (http://www.ncparks.gov/About/grants/partf_main.php)

(http://www.cwmtf.net/fundsum.htm)

http/ / ils/unc.edu/parkproject/partfund

 

Land and Water Conservation Fund (LWCF)

The Land and Water Conservation Fund was established in 1964 to provide for funding for federal land acquisition and to provide matching grants for State state and local governments to acquire parkland.  The Federal Government federa